Automobile power converter5/6/2023 To switch these power semiconductor devices on and off the pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is used. SMPS concept is based on the power electronics devices such as semiconductor devices that operates in an on state that has zero voltage and an off state that has zero current during this state theoretically with 100% efficiency. Automotive alternators require a power electronic voltage regulator for producing a constant voltage at the battery terminals by modulating small field current. These alternators are used in automobiles for supplying power to the batteries and electrical system while the engine is running. Field and armature characteristics of this alternator are enhanced by the use of power electronics. The frequently used alternator in automotive applications is Lundell or Claw-pole alternator, as it is suitable for the required emerging performance. For example, consider a modern car, in which we can find many power electronic components such as ignition switch, control module, vehicle speed sensor, steering sensor and other components, as shown in above figure.Īpplication of power electronics in the automotive power generation system provides automotive alternators with improved efficiency and high power, along with high temperature withstanding capacity and high-power density with a variety of research in designing of alternator with a switched mode power electronics applications. Power Electronics Application in Automotive Electronics Power Electronics Application in Automotive ElectronicsĪpplications of power electronics in automotive electrical and electronic systems includes high voltage systems, automotive power generation, switched mode power supply (SMPS), DC to DC converters, electric drives, traction inverter or DC to AC converter, power electronic component, high temperature requirement, application of SMPS in power train system, and so on. Generally, based on the vehicle or power supply manufacturer requirements the analog or digital controllers are chosen such that the following parameters including cost, integration, reliability and flexibility are taken into consideration. For any power system such as DC/DC or DC/AC or AC/DC, the power electronic components like controllers, gate drivers, converters and so on are required. Automotive Electronics ComponentsĪutomotive electronics are classified into different types: engine electronics, transmission electronics, chassis electronics, active safety, driver assistance, passenger comfort and entertainment systems. The need to control engines of automobiles originated in automotive electronics for proper controlling and conversion. In case of automotive electronics, the electrically-generated systems are used in automobiles such as road vehicles like telematics, in-car entertainment systems, carputers, and so on. Power electronics applications are extended to various fields such as Aerospace, Automotive electrical and electronic systems, commercial, industrial, residential, telecommunication, transportation, utility systems, etc. Silicon Carbide Chip Application of Power Electronics Silicon carbide has high breakdown voltage and capable of switching at high frequencies with very less power loss which makes the overall size of circuitry very small. It has two or three times higher thermal conductivity than silicon, which will eliminate need of big copper blocks and water jackets. Limitations can be overcome by using a wideband gap semiconductors like silicon carbide with a high-operating temperature that allows placing the circuit near high temperature location. And also for managing thermal issues in which a high power of kW range is being used for improving fuel efficiency. Application of power electronics with components such as silicon-based power MOSFETs and IGBTs that are used as power electronic switches in the power train system of automotive electrical and electronic systems for reducing the overall size. This is due to power train system of automotive electronics with an engine or internal combustion or motor as one of the subsystem operating with high temperature exceeding 125 degrees Celsius. In our day-to-day life, we frequently observe heat radiating from car engine after the car has been driven for a certain distance. Power Electronics in Automotive Applications Why Power Electronics are Used in Automotive Applications?
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